List of issues > Series «Earth Sciences». 2016. Vol. 16
Landscape-Ecological Regularities of Changes in Taxonomic Diversity of Soils Mesopopulation in Baikal Region
Author(s)
E. P. Bessolitsyna
Abstract
Landscape-ecological analysis of community structure of soil invertebrates and their distribution in the geosystems of the Baikal Region was carried out on the local (biogeocenotic), topological (facies) and regional levels. The paper considers regularities of transformation of communities’ structure in landscape-zonal range under the influence of natural: phytocenotic (peculiarities of vegetation) edaphical and climatic (hydrothermal regime of the soil), in the mountains – an altitudinal gradient and anthropogenic factors: the removal of the wood as a result of deforestation, fires, irrational use of pastures, technogenic pollution of soils, recreation and others the basic approaches and principles of mapping soil biota were given.
Presented map of taxonomic diversity of soil invertebrate communities made on the basis of the vegetation map of the Baikal region. Communities of terrestrial invertebrates were grouped into four groups: alpine, taiga and forest, forest-steppe and steppe, meadow and hydrophilic. Five categories of diversity structure were identified of each group by the number of taxonomic units in the community: 1 – very low diversity (less than 5 taxons), 2 – low (6–10 taxons), 3 – medium (11–15 taxons), 4 – high (16–20 taxons), 5 – very high (more than 20 taxonomic units). The main trend of changes in taxonomic diversity of pedobionts communities is a decrease in the species number in the gradient of an increase of climate aridity, and strengthening of the hypothermal hypothermal character and anthropogenic pressure.
Keywords
geosystem, soil biota, communities, taxonomic diversity, structure, ecological factors, cartography
UDC
574.9528.9(571.5)