The article is devoted to the important and little-studied problem of the relationship between faults and earthquakes. The problem can be expressed by two questions. How earthquakes affect the tectonic activation of passive fault outside the focal areas? How the fault affect on dynamic parameters of seismic waves passing through them? These questions remain open and partly the answers to them are provided by the original results presented in the article, obtained by the authors during the seismic and deformation monitoring at the South Baikal Geodynamic Range (SBGP). It is shown that, on the one hand, slow deformation waves and seismic waves generated, respectively, by slow and ordinary earthquakes, passing through the fault, contribute to its activation. A single wave impact causes fault shifts in the first tens to first hundreds of microns. However, repeated repetition of this impact over a long period of time will result in a significant cumulative amplitude of displacement on the fault. On the other hand, the activated fault takes away some of the dynamic energy of the waves passing through it and contributes to the reduction of wave parameters. In this case, the fault is a damper for seismic waves and reduces the seismic effect of them.

Bornyakov Sergey Alexandrovich, Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Tectonophysics, Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, 128, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, tel.: 8 (3952) 42-61-83, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: bornyak@crust.irk.ru 

Miroshnichenko Andrei Ivanovich, Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Recent Geodynamics, Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, 128, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, tel.: 8 (3952) 42-95-34, Irkutsk Scientific Center SB RAS, 134, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, e-mail: mai@crust.irk.ru

Salko Denis Vladimirovich, Lead Engineer, Laboratory of Tectonocphysics, Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, 128, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, tel.: 8 (3952) 42-61-83, e-mail:denis@salko.net 

Shagun Artem Nikolaevich, Lead Engineer, Laboratory of Engineering Seismology and Seismocgeology, Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, 128, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, tel.: 8 (3952) 42-58-23, e-mail: shagun@crust.irk.ru 

Dobrynina Anna Alexandrovna, Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Engineering Seismology and Seismicgeology, Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, 128, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, e-mail: dobrynina@crust.irk.ru 

Leonid Usynin, Lead Engineer, Laboratory of Engineering Seismology and Seismicgeology, Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, 128, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, tel.: 8 (3952) 42-58-23, e-mail: usyninla@yandex.ru

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