The anthropogenic factors influencing on desertification processes are considered in article, the structural and logic scheme of desertification factors and consequences is offered. As researches result it is revealed that irrational methods of pasturable animal husbandry are the basic anthropogenic factor provoking desertification. The excessive load of pastures began to increase, the livestock overgrazing became a considerable factor of desertification with transition of Mongolia to the market economy and a growing demand for cashmere.